专利摘要:

公开号:SU1424862A1
申请号:SU797770801
申请日:1979-09-18
公开日:1988-09-23
发明作者:Эберхард Фридрих;Раинер Титце;Герда Кошаде;Зилфиа Шван;Вернер Неуштадт;Фридрих Кутцше;Ханс Херрманн
申请人:Институт Фюр Вассервиртшафт (Инопредприятие);
IPC主号:
专利说明:

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The invention relates to the field of separation of substances through membranes, in particular ultrafiltration and reverse ocHQca, and can be applied if the concentration polarization reaches high values, deposits form on the membranes and particles in the solution or they are formed membrane filter walkie-talkie.
It is known that concentration polarization induced by membrane filtration can be reduced by increasing the flow rate of the solution flowing through the membrane.
This is limited, however, by increasing head loss and therefore energy costs. In addition, the formation of deposits cannot always be prevented with a guarantee.
The known method of membrane filtration, which is carried out with the addition of gas to the feed stream before membrane separation and discharge of the feed stream after the membrane separator with subsequent passage of the feed stream through separator equipment (Patent CiriA 3794169, class B 01 D J1 / 00, 1974). I The disadvantage of this method is the poor removal of particles, since no foaming occurs. Foam drainage is therefore not possible.
The purpose of the invention is to create a membrane fracturing method, by means of which concentration-polarization is reduced, the formation of deposits is prevented and the existing deposits and existing or formed particles are removed from the solution.
According to the invention, this problem is solved by the fact that in the method of membrane filtration with the addition of gas to the loading stream before and rarefying the loading stream after the membrane separator with the subsequent passing of the loading stream through the separation equipment, the loading stream is partially discharged before entering the meme: brane separator, and in the separating apparatus, the foam is separated and removed as a product. Besides.
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The feed stream is mixed with on top
yo-active substance. I
The flow of the feed stream to the separator occurs at a higher pressure.
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This leads to partial absorption of the supplied gas, for the most part, however, absorption of particles present in the solution or formed as a result of removal of the solvent. Unabsorbed or unabsorbed gas and re-desorbing with decreasing pressure along the length of the flow path, gas bubbles lead to local destruction of the boundary layer and thus lower concentration polarization compared to simple membrane filters.
After exiting the separator, the pressure of the solution is discharged to the value of the surrounding pressure vessels, because of this, the volume of the bubbles surrounding the particles re-increases, so that they can be removed as foam in proper sequence behind the separator. In principle, flotation cells 5 can be used as separation equipment, in particular, their devices for settling and removing baking,
 The improvement of the method is achieved if the compressed feed stream mixed with gas is already partially discharged before entering the membrane separator, so that particles are already surrounded by gas bubbles before contact with the membranes and therefore cannot be deposited on the membranes. The reason for this is that the surface tension of the fluid, the pore radius, the size of the air bubbles and the working pressure after partial discharge are in such a ratio that air bubbles cannot be sucked through the pores of the membrane.
This decrease in pressure is partly due to pressure losses on the way to the separator without additional throttle valves.
Another embodiment of the method is that the loading stream overlaps periodically in a short time. As a result, particles that have already been deposited or singled on. the membrane, gas bubbles are formed, so that separation from the membrane surface occurs. Again, the feed stream feeds away these particles along with adherent air bubbles.
For special cases, the solution can be an extension of the method, expressed in the supply of surface-active
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substances to dissolve. It is taken into account in solutions with insufficient foaming stability and with unfavorable particle properties.
FIG. 1 is a setup for implementing a method with a time relay for intermittent shutdown; in fig. 2 - installation with a second gas-suction fitting with a magnetic valve,
A known field of application for membrane filtration is the purification of oily wastewater after metalworking, which, in addition to emulsified oil, contains large amounts of contaminants such as abrasive dust, sand, graphite, dirt, and metal chips. Therefore, the concentration polarization, the amount of deposits on the membranes and the decrease in filtration and intake power are decisive with increasing concentration.
According to the invention, the wastewater is sucked, in the first embodiment, from the intermediate tank 1 by the pump 2. The gas 4 is mixed with the control valve 3 and the air 4 is mixed with the feed stream. In pump 2, the air is intensively mixed with the feed stream and compacted with it to the existing in the discharge pipe 5 in front of the membrane separator. In this case, in accordance with the conditions of equilibrium, predominantly
In the second form of execution, the installation is changed to carry out the method in such a way that the second gas suction fitting 14, which is closed by a magnetic valve 15, is connected to the suction pipe 2 and the relay 16 and is used for periodic short-term
This results in the adsorption of air on the surface of particles and coarse particles Q, which are already larger, opening the magnetic valve 15 in these oil droplets. With the passage of time as the relay 12 time 1) and into the electro- nal through the reducing valve 6, a partial discharge of the mixed and air and a combined feed stream occurs before the entrance to the membrane separator 7. As a result, the particles are surrounded by gas bubbles, which makes it impossible for them to settle on the membranes . In the membrane separator 7, the oil-free oil is extracted from the wastewater (filtrate 8. After passing through the membrane separator 7, the feed stream is discharged at all, more than 9 discharge, input
50
the supply of the engine 13 of the pump falls out em. During the short duration of the opening of the magnetic valve 15, the amount of drawn gas becomes so large that the liquid column in the pump suction pipe breaks with and is restored only by suction after closing the magnetic fan 15. Due to this, the loading flow is also interrupted without the occurrence, with frequent switching on and off, of unfavorable load ratios in pump 2,
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into the settling and collection chamber 10.
When applying the volume of air bubbles increases again, so that they, together with the particles connected with them, quickly float up and CAN be removed as oil content is abundant, and foam 1 1. Thanks to the continuous removal of the originally colloidly distributed substances using the emulsion, the method functions oez break. Relay 12 times in the power supply of the engine 13 of the pump provides short-term interruptions in the supply of current at certain time intervals. Due to an almost lightning-like drop in the working pressure to the value of the ambient pressure, particles precipitated or formed on the membranes while removing gas bubbles from the membranes and with the new activation of the feed stream are carried away from the separator.
By using sterile inert gases instead of air, it is possible to use the method also in pitch or pharmaceutical npoMiiiDuienHocTHX.
In the second form of implementation, the installation is changed to carry out the method in such a way that the second gas suction fitting 14, which is closed by the magnetic valve 15, is connected to the suction pipe 2 and the relay 16 and is used for periodic short-term
Q open the magnetic valve 15 while the relay is 12 time) 1i in the
open the magnetic valve 15 while the relay is 12 time) 1i in the
the engine supply of the pump 13 drops out. During the short opening of the magnetic valve 15, the amount of entrained gas becomes so large that the liquid column in the suction pipe of the pump is destroyed and restored only by suction after the magnetic valve 15 is closed. Due to this, the loading flow is also interrupted switching on and off unfavorable load ratios in pump 2,
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FIG. 2
权利要求:
Claims (2)
[1]
1. METHOD OF MEMBRANE FILTRATION with the addition of gas to the feed stream before and dilution of the feed stream after the membrane separator, followed by the passage of the feed stream through the separation apparatus, characterized in that the boot flow is partially discharged before entering the membrane separator, and foam is separated in the separation apparatus and take it away as a product.
[2]
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge stream is mixed with a surfactant. § ώ
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日
AT371360B|1983-06-27|
DE2941164A1|1980-06-12|
DD148859A3|1981-06-17|
HU185366B|1985-01-28|
CS222972B1|1983-08-26|
ATA673979A|1982-11-15|
引用文献:
公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

FR2545472B1|1983-05-05|1988-05-20|Rhone Poulenc Spec Chim|APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR THE TREATMENT OF POOL WATER WITH A SEPARATOR APPARATUS HAVING SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANES|
DE4141993C2|1991-12-19|1996-01-11|Umwelt Kolleg Prisma Gmbh|Process and device for processing oil-water emulsions with controlled gas supply|
AT397647B|1992-09-18|1994-05-25|Fiedler Johann|SYSTEM FOR CLEANING WASHING WATER, ESPECIALLY FOR VEHICLE WASHING SYSTEMS|
AT398961B|1993-03-09|1995-02-27|Preis Peter|Filter device|
MXPA02001331A|1999-08-07|2004-07-16|Gerald L Brooks|An apparatus and method for improving an osmosis process.|
DE102009034550A1|2009-07-23|2011-02-17|Khs Gmbh|Process for cleaning filter structures in filtration plants for filtering liquid products and filtration plant|
法律状态:
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
DD20845278A|DD148859A3|1978-10-16|1978-10-16|PROCESS FOR MEMBRANE FILTRATION AND DEVICE FOR THEIR IMPLEMENTATION|
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